What is the significance of tumor markers in oncology diagnostics?

Tumor markers play a critical role in oncology diagnostics primarily by assisting in monitoring disease progression and treatment response. These markers are substances, often proteins, that are produced by cancer cells or by the body in response to cancer. Their levels in the blood or other bodily fluids can provide valuable information about the status of a patient's cancer.

For instance, when treatment is effective, the levels of certain tumor markers may decrease, indicating that the disease is under control. Conversely, if tumor marker levels are rising, it may suggest that the cancer is progressing or returning after treatment. This ability to monitor changes over time makes tumor markers an important tool for physicians in tailoring treatment strategies and making informed decisions regarding patient care.